Abstract Alstroemeria L. (Alstroemeriaceae) represents one of the most diverse genera of vascular plants in Chile. It contains approximately 54 taxa, 40 of which are endemic. The “complex” Alstroemeria magnifica is endemic to Chile, and it comprises four varieties: A. magnifica var. magenta, A. magnifica var. magnifica, A. magnifica var. sierrae, and A. magnifica var. tofoensis. It is distributed from Coquimbo to the Valparaíso Region. We analyzed karyotypes of 10 populations along its natural distribution. All the populations presented an asymmetric karyotype, with 2n = 16 chromosomes but with three different karyotypic formulae. Alstroemeria magnifica var. magnifica and A. magnifica var. sierrae presented the same karyotypic fomula, and A. magnifica var. magenta, and A. magnifica var. tofoensis each had a different formula. The scatter plot among CVCL vs. MCA shows different groupings between populations of the four varieties. Based on the results, it is possible to consider raising Alstroemeria magnifica var. magenta to species level (A. magenta) and A. magnifica var. tofoensis to subspecies level (A. magnifica subsp. tofoensis); A. magnifica var. magnifica and A. magnifica var. sierrae should each remain as varieties. Nevertheless, these taxonomic changes should be considered tentative, as additional sources of evidence become available.

ABSTRACT Rhodolirium laetum (Phil.) Ravenna has a karyotype 2n = 2x = 16 and the haploid formula 4m + 2sm + 2st. One pair of rDNA 45S signals and two pairs of rDNA 5S were detected through fluorescent in-situ hybridization. The results are discussed in the context of Traubiinae.

ABSTRACT Alstroemeria L., one of the most diverse genera of the Chilean flora and of high floricultural value, is represented by 35 species, most of them distributed between 28-38° S in the Mediterranean zone of Central Chile. There are 24 complex- forming taxa, of which 18 have conservation problems. One of these complexes is Alstroemeria diluta E. Bayer. with two subspecies: subsp. diluta and subsp. chrysantha Bayer. Alstroemeria diluta grows only in Chile; subsp. diluta is distributed from 34º15'S, Region of O'Higgins, to Cauquenes (36º00'S), Region of Maule, and subsp. chrysantha from 28º08'S, Region of Atacama, to Punta Curaumilla (33º05'S), Region of Valparaíso. A comparative karyotype study was carried out among four populations of A. diluta subsp. diluta and three populations of A. diluta subsp. chrysantha. The seven populations presented an asymmetric karyotype, with 2n = 2x = 16 chromosomes, and with same karyotype formulae: 3m + 1sm + 1st + 3 t. The architecture of the karyotype between the subspecies is the same. The scatter plot among MCA vs. CVCL shows different groupings between populations of the two subspecies, and the total chromosomes length (LTC) is highest in the populations of subsp. chrysantha. According to the results obtained, the populations growing in Valparaíso Region should be considered belong to subsp. diluta.

RESUMEN Alstroemeria L. es uno de los géneros de plantas chilenas más diversos y con un enorme potencial ornamental. Está representado por 35 especies, la mayoría distribuida entre los 28-38° S en la zona mediterránea de Chile central. Se reconocen 24 complejos, de los cuales 18 presentan problemas de conservación. Uno de estos complejos es Alstroemeria diluta E. Bayer. con dos subespecies: subsp. diluta y subsp. chrysantha Bayer. Alstroemeria diluta crece sólo en Chile; la subsp. diluta se distribuye desde los 34º15'S, en la Región de O'Higgins, hasta Cauquenes (36º00'S), en la Región del Maule y la subsp. chrysantha desde los 28º08'S, en la Región de Atacama, hasta Punta Curaumilla (33º05'S), en la Región de Valparaíso. Se realizó un studio comparativo del cariotipo de cuatro poblaciones de A. diluta subsp. diluta y tres poblaciones de A. diluta subsp. chrysantha. Las siete poblaciones analizadas presentaron un cariotipo asimétrico, con un 2n = 2x = 16 cromosomas, y con la misma fórmula cariotípica: 3m + 1sm + 1st + 3 t. La arquitectura del cariotipo entre las subespecies es la misma. El diagrama de dispersión MCA vs CVCL mostró diferentes grupos entre las poblaciones de las dos subespecies y la longitud total diploide de los cromosomas (LTC) fue mayor en las poblaciones de la subsp. chrysantha. Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que las poblaciones distribuidas en la V Región de Valparaíso pertenecen a la subsp. diluta.

ABSTRACT Chromosome numbers of 19 Chilean species of vascular plants were studied using root-tip mitotic metaphases. New records for the chilean flora are: Alstroemeria magnifica Herbert subsp. magenta (Bayer) M. Muñoz (2n = 16), Astragalus looseri I.M. Johnst. (2n = 22), Centaurea melitensis L. (2n = 24), Centaurea solstitialis L. (2n = 16), Erigeron andicola DC. (2n = 36), Montiopsis potentilloides (Barnéoud) D.I. Ford (2n = 20), Persea lingue (Ruiz et Pav.) Nees ex Kopp (2n = 24), Phycella cyrtanthoides (Sims) Lindl. (2n = 16), Picris echioides L. (2n = 10), Rhodophiala aff. maculata (L'Hér.) Ravenna (2n = 18), Teline monspessulana (L.) K. Koch (2n = 48), and Ulex europaeus L. subsp. europaeus (2n = 96).

RESUMEN Se entregan números cromosómicos de 19 especies de la flora vascular de Chile, obtenidos de raíces provenientes de semillas germinadas en placas Petri o de material recolectado en terreno creciendo en maceteros en invernadero. Nuevos registros citológicos para la flora de Chile son: Alstroemeria magnifica Herbert subsp. magenta (Bayer) M. Muñoz (2n = 16), Astragalus looseri I.M. Johnst. (2n = 22), Centaurea melitensis L. (2n = 24), Centaurea solstitialis L. (2n = 16), Erigeron andicola DC. (2n = 36), Montiopsis potentilloides (Barnéoud) D.I. Ford (2n = 20), Persea lingue (Ruiz et Pav.) Nees ex Kopp (2n = 24), Phycella cyrtanthoides (Sims) Lindl. (2n = 16), Picris echioides L. (2n = 10), Rhodophiala aff. maculata (L'Hér.) Ravenna (2n = 18), Teline monspessulana (L.) K. Koch (2n = 48) y Ulex europaeus L. subsp. europaeus (2n = 96).

Chromosome numbers of 24 Chilean taxa of vascular plants were studied using root-tip mitotic metaphases. New records for the chilean Flora are: Alstroemeria presliana Herb. subsp. presliana (2n = 16), Chaetanthera moenchioides Less. (2n = 26), Hypochaeris scorzonerae (DC.) F.Muell. (2n = 8), Phycella bicolor (Ruiz et Pav.) Herb. (2n = 16) and Rhodophiala tiltilensis (Traub et Moldenke) Traub (2n = 16).

Se entregan datos citológicos del número cromosómico diploide de 24 especies de la flora vascular de Chile, utilizándose material de raíces provenientes de plántulas. Nuevos registros para la flora de Chile son: Alstroemeria presliana Herb. subsp. presliana (2n = 16), Chaetanthera moenchioides Less. (2n = 26), Hypochaeris scorzonerae (DC.) F.Muell. (2n = 8), Phycella bicolor (Ruiz et Pav.) Herb. (2n = 16) y Rhodophiala tiltilensis (Traub et Moldenke) Traub (2n = 16).